Search results for "fusion [photon photon]"

On the nuclear response of the helium-cooled lithium lead test blanket module in ITER

2005

Abstract The helium-cooled lithium lead (HCLL) concept has been recently selected as one of the two European reference designs foreseen for the breeding blanket of a demonstration fusion reactor. In particular, within the framework of the research and development activities on this blanket line, an HCLL test blanket module (TBM) has to be designed and manufactured to be implemented in ITER. At the Department of Nuclear Engineering (DIN) of the University of Palermo, a research campaign has been carried out to investigate the nuclear response of HCLL-TBM inside ITER by a numerical approach based on the Monte Carlo method. A realistic 3D heterogeneous model of HCLL-TBM has been set-up and ins…

A study of the potential influence of frame coolant distribution on the radiation-induced damage of HCLL-TBM structural material

2008

Abstract Within the European Fusion Technology Programme, the Helium-Cooled Lithium Lead (HCLL) breeding blanket concept is one of the two EU lines to be developed for a Long Term fusion reactor, in particular with the aim of manufacturing a Test Blanket Module (TBM) to be implemented in ITER. The HCLL-TBM is foreseen to be located in an ITER equatorial port, being housed inside a steel-supporting frame, actively cooled by pressurized water. That supporting frame has been designed to house two different TBMs, providing two cavities separated by a dividing Plate 20 cm thick. As the nuclear response of HCLL-TBM might vary accordingly to the supporting frame configuration and composition, at t…

Study of the helium-cooled lithium lead test blanket module nuclear behaviour under irradiation in ITER

2009

Abstract The present paper deals with the detailed investigation of the helium-cooled lithium lead test blanket module (HCLL-TBM) nuclear behaviour under irradiation in ITER, carried out at the Department of Nuclear Engineering of the University of Palermo adopting a numerical approach based on the Monte Carlo method. A realistic 3D heterogeneous model of the HCLL-TBM was set-up and inserted into an ITER 3D semi-heterogeneous model that realistically simulates the reactor lay-out up to the cryostat. A Gaussian-shaped neutron source was adopted for the calculations. The main features of the HCLL-TBM nuclear response were assessed, paying a particular attention to the neutronic and photonic d…

Biochemical and chemical characterization of Cynara cardunculus L. extract and its potential use as co-adjuvant therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia

2017

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Ancient mediterranean diet was characterized by consuming the spontaneous forms of Cynara cardunculus L. (CCL), commonly called artichoke. Cultivated and/or spontaneous forms of CC studies have demonstrated that methanol extract of CCL flower and/or cynaropicrin showed remarkable anti-proliferative activity in vitro models of leukocyte cancer cell. Aim of the study Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with a reciprocal translocation of the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22 generating the BCR/ABL fusion gene, translated in the p210 BCR/ABL oncoprotein kinase. This chimeric protein is the target of a kinase inhibitor, imatinib, but the developme…

Something old, something new : exploring membrane-containing bacteriophages

2016

The differentiation antigen NY-BR-1 is a potential target for antibody-based therapies in breast cancer

2007

Antibody-based cancer immunotherapy relies on the identification and characterization of target antigens and the development of potent antibodies recognizing the target. Here we report the expression analysis and molecular characterization of the differentiation antigen NY-BR-1, which we previously identified by using the SEREX (serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries) method. Corroborating methodologies, including mRNA quantitation and immunoblotting show that NY-BR-1 is strongly expressed in >70% of 129 breast tumors. Application of a NY-BR-1 specific antibody demonstrated NY-BR-1 expression in primary and metastastic breast cancers. In contrast, most of the breast c…

Cytoglobin is a respiratory protein in connective tissue and neurons, which is up-regulated by hypoxia.

2004

Cytoglobin is a recently discovered vertebrate globin distantly related to myoglobin, and its function is unknown. Here we present the first detailed analysis of the distribution and expression of cytoglobin. Northern and Western blotting experiments show the presence of cytoglobin mRNA and protein in a broad range of tissues. Quantitative PCR demonstrates an up-regulation of cytoglobin mRNA levels in rat heart and liver under hypoxic conditions (22 and 44 h of 9% oxygen). Immunofluorescence studies with three antibodies directed against different epitopes of the protein consistently show cytoglobin in connective tissue fibroblasts as well as in hepatic stellate cells. Cytoglobin is also pr…

Rhodopsin's carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail acts as a membrane receptor for cytoplasmic dynein by binding to the dynein light chain Tctex-1.

1999

AbstractThe interaction of cytoplasmic dynein with its cargoes is thought to be indirectly mediated by dynactin, a complex that binds to the dynein intermediate chain. However, the roles of other dynein subunits in cargo binding have been unknown. Here we demonstrate that dynein translocates rhodopsin-bearing vesicles along microtubules. This interaction occurs directly between the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of rhodopsin and Tctex-1, a dynein light chain. C-terminal rhodopsin mutations responsible for retinitis pigmentosa inhibit this interaction. Our results point to an alternative docking mechanism for cytoplasmic dynein, provide novel insights into the role of motor proteins in the pola…

Selective targeting of avidin/mannose 6-phosphate receptor chimeras to early or late endosomes

2000

Summary In this study we have used the Semliki forest virus expression system to transiently express chimeric proteins that contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) fused to chicken avidin. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy studies showed that the chimeric protein with the entire cytoplasmic domain of CI-MPR was transported to late endosomes, where it accumulated. We made use of the biotin-binding capacity of lumenal avidin, and found that, in agreement with this distribution, the chimeric protein could be labelled with biotinylated HRP endocytosed for a long, but not a brief, period of time. However, truncation o…

Amyloid Precursor-like Protein 1 Influences Endocytosis and Proteolytic Processing of the Amyloid Precursor Protein

2005

Ectodomain shedding of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a key regulatory step in the generation of the Alzheimer disease amyloid beta peptide (Abeta). The molecular mechanisms underlying the control of APP shedding remain little understood but are in part dependent on the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), which is involved in APP endocytosis. Here, we show that the APP homolog APLP1 (amyloid precursor-like protein 1) influences APP shedding. In human embryonic kidney 293 cells expression of APLP1 strongly activated APP shedding by alpha-secretase and slightly reduced beta-secretase cleavage. As revealed by domain deletion analysis, the increase in APP shedding re…